Carpinus caroliniana 'Fire King' (American Hornbeam)
Carpinus caroliniana 'Fire King' is a showy, semi-compact variety of American hornbeam, also called musclewood for its sinewy form and strong wood. Commonly found in the wild as a small to medium understory tree that grows along rivers throughout the eastern US, the 'Fire King' variety was selected as both an ornamental and a hardy variety, selected by nurseryman Mike Yanny as one of only 12 sapling to survive an especially harsh winter in the early 2000s. Typically growing to a mature size of 20-25' tall and 25-30' wide, 'Fire King' musclewood forms an upright, rounded canopy of strong, fluted branches with an absolutely stunning fall foliage display in colors spanning the fall rainbow. While it typically prefers partial to full shade, Carpinus caroliniana 'Fire King' can also be adaptable to drier, sunnier sites and works beautiful as a full sun specimen tree.
Though its fall ornamental value is definitely a part of the 'Fire King' variety's appeal, this compact tree is not just a looker, as Carpinus caroliniana is also an ecologically valuable selection, and attracts a host of pollinators, including swallowtail butterflies, as well as birds and small mammals to whom the tree provides cover, shelter, and a steady source of seed through the fall and winter months. As a member of the ironwood group of trees, Carpinus caroliniana is noted for its dense, heavy wood that is so dense it actually sinks in water; dense, strong wood implies slow growth, but also means that trees are fairly tidy when planted in yards or on large properties, as branches are less likely to snap and litter the ground. With improved fall display, a more formal mature appearance, and the versatility to handle full sun to full shade as well as a variety of soil types, 'Fire King' is sure to rule in your home landscape.